Air Quality and Health and Welfare
2.11 References
“2,4-Dinitrophenol (CASRN 51-28-5).” (1999). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS), Office of Health and Environmental Assessment, Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office. Cincinnati, OH. Retrieved January 25, 2008 from http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0152.htm.
“Acetaldehyde (CASRN 75-07-0).” (1997). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS), Office of Health and Environmental Assessment, Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office. Cincinnati, OH. Retrieved January 23, 2009 http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0290.htm.
“Acrolein (CASRN 107-02-8).” (1993). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS), Office of Health and Environmental Assessment, Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office. Cincinnati, OH. Retrieved January 26, 2009 from http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0364.htm.
“Air Quality Criteria for Carbon Monoxide (Second External Review Draft).” (1999).
Federal Register. Vol. 64 (199). Retrieved January 14, 2009 from
http://www.epa.gov/EPA-AIR/1999/October/Day-15/a26966.htm.
“Air Quality Criteria for Oxides of Nitrogen (Final, 1993).” (1993). U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency. EPA/600/8-91/049aF-cF. Retrieved January 14, 2009 from
http://cfpub.epa.gov/ncea/cfm/recordisplay.cfm?deid=40179.
"Air Quality Criteria for Ozone and Related Photochemical Oxidants (Final).” (2006).
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. EPA/600/R-05/004aF-cF. Retrieved January 14, 2009 from http://cfpub.epa.gov/ncea/cfm/recordisplay.cfm?deid=149923&CFID=1256836&CFTOKEN=34777958&jsessionid=4a3076489bc5c5dc5e82183c1f203a1db5f1TR4a3020302830.
"Air Quality Criteria for Particulate Matter.” (1996). U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency. EPA 600/P-95/001. Retrieved January 14, 2009 from
http://cfpub.epa.gov/ncea/cfm/recordisplay.cfm?deid=2832.
“Analysis of the Impacts of Control Programs on Motor Vehicle Toxics Emissions and
Exposure in Urban Areas and Nationwide: Volume 1.” (1999). Prepared for: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Prepared by: Sierra Research Inc and Radian International Corporation/Eastern Research Group. EPA420-R-99-029. Retrieved January 21, 2009 from http://www.epa.gov/otaq/regs/toxics/r99029.pdf.
“An SAB Report: Review of the Health Risk Assessment of 1,3-Butadiene.” (1998).
Scientific Advisory Board. EPA-SAB-EHC-98.
Aksoy, M. (1991). “Hematotoxicity, leukemogenicity, and carcinogenicity of chronic
exposure to benzene. In: Arinc, E., Schenkman, J. B., Hodgson, E., Eds. “Molecular Aspects of Monooxygenases and Bioactivation of Toxic Compounds. New York: Plenum Press.
Aksoy, M. & Erdem, K. (1978). “A follow-up study on the mortality and the
development of leukemia in 44 pancytopenic patients associated with long-term exposure to benzene. Blood. Vol. 52: 285-292.
Aksoy, M., Erdem, S., & DinCol, G. (1974). “Leukemia in shoe-workers exposed
chronically to benzene.” Blood. Vol. 44(6): 837-41.
Aronow, W. S., Ferlinz, J., & Glauser, F., (1977). “Effects of Carbon Monoxide on
Exercise Performance in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.” The
American Journal of Medicine. 63(6):904-8.
“Assessment of health risks to garment workers and certain home residents from
exposure to formaldehyde.” (1987). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency - Office of Pesticides and Toxic Substances.
Burge, P.S., Harries, M. G., Lam, W. K., O’Brien, I. M., & Patchett, P.A. (1985).
“Occupational asthma due to formaldehyde.” Thorax. Vol. 40:255-260. doi: 10. 1136/thx.40.4.255.
“Carcinogenic Effects of Exposure to Diesel Exhaust, Current Intelligence Bulletin 50.”
(1988). National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Publication No.
88-116. Retrieved January 21, 2009 from http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/88116_50.html.
Delzell, E., Sathiakumar, N., Hovinga, M., Macaluso, M., Julian, J., Larson, R., Cole, P.,
& Muir, D. C. (1995). “A follow-up study of synthetic rubber workers.” Final report prepared under contract to International Institute of Synthetic Rubber Producers. Toxicology. 113(1-3):182-9.
“Deposition of Air Pollutants to the Great Waters.” (1997). U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency. EPA-453/R-97-011. Retrieved January 16, 2009 from
http://www.epa.gov/air/oaqps/gr8water/2ndrpt/.
“Diesel and Gasoline Engine Exhausts and Some Nitroarenes: IARC Monographs on the
Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans.” (1989). World Health
Organization and International Agency for Research on Cancer. Volume 46.
Retrieved January 21, 2009 from http://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Monographs/vol46/volume46.pdf.
“Diesel Exhaust: A Critical Analysis of Emissions, Exposure, and Health Effects.”
(1995). Health Effects Institute. To order, go to http://pubs.healtheffects.org/view.php?id=11.
“Diesel Fuel and Exhaust Emissions: International Program on Chemical Safety.”
(1996). United Nations Environment Programme, International Labour
Organisation, and World Health Organization. Retrieved January 21, 2009 from http://www.inchem.org/documents/ehc/ehc/ehc171.htm.
Ferris, B. G. Jr., (1978). “Health Effects of Exposure to Low Levels of Regulated Air
Pollutants, A Critical Review.” Journal of the Air Pollution Control Association.
28(5):482-97.
Goldstein, B.D. (1988). “Benzene toxicity.” Occupational Medicine. State of the Art
Reviews. Vol. 3: 541-554.
Gray, A. H., & Cass, G. R., (1998). “Source Contributions to Atmospheric Fine Carbon
Particle Concentrations.” Atmospheric Environment. Vol. 32 (22). pp. 3805-3825. doi:10.1016/S1352-2310(97)00446-9.
Hall, J. & Brajer, J. (2007) “The Health and Economic Related Benefits of Attaining
Healthful Air in the San Joaquin Valley.” Cal State Fullerton.
“Health Assessment Document for Acetaldehyde – External Review Draft.” (1987).
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency – Office of Health and Environmental Assessment. EPA 600/8-86/015A. Retrieved January 22, 2009 from http://cfpub.epa.gov/ncea/cfm/recordisplay.cfm?deid=49727.
“Health Assessment Document for Diesel Emissions.” (1994). U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency. EPA/600/8-90/057Ba (NTIS PB95192092). Retrieved
January 21, 2009 from http://cfpub.epa.gov/ncea/CFM/recordisplay.cfm?deid=33218.
“Health Asssessment of 1,3-Butadiene.” (1998). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
EPA/600/P-98/001A. Retrieved January 25, 2009 from http://cfpub.epa.gov/ncea/cfm/recordisplay.cfm?deid=54499.
Hendrick, D. J., Rando, D. J., Lane, & Morris, M. J. (1982). “Formaldehyde asthma:
Challenge exposure levels and fate after five years.” Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. Vol. 24: 893-897.
Ho, M. & Nielsen, C. (2007) “Clearing the Air, The Health and Economic Damages of
Air Pollution in China.” The MIT Press.
“Human Health Benefits from Sulfate Reductions Under Title IV of the 1990 Clean Air
Act Amendments.” (1995). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. EPA
Contract No. 68-D3-0005. Retrieved January 16, 2009 from http://yosemite.epa.gov/ee/epa/ria.nsf/377d5c0e0e55d70e85256b43007f9968/183623001d796c8c852564620063327f!OpenDocument.
“IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Humans:
Some Industrial Chemicals and Dyestuffs.” (1982). International Agency for Research on Cancer and the World Health Organization. Volume 29.
“Interim Quantitative Cancer Unit Risk Estimates Due to Inhalation of Benzene.”
(1985). Prepared for: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency – the Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Prepared by: the Office of Health and Environmental Assessment – Carcinogen Assessment Group.
Irons, R. D., Stillman, W. S., Colagiovanni, D. B., Henry, V. A. (1992). “Synergistic
action of the benzene metabolite hydroquinone on myelopoietic stimulating activity of granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor in vitro.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. Vol. 89:3691-3695. Retrieved January 21, 2009 from the PubMed database at http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=525556.
Koppikar, A. (1999). “Memo from Dr. Aparna Koppikar, ORD-NCEA to Laura
McKlevey, OAQPS and Pamela Brodowicz, OMS: Slope Factor for 1,3-Butadiene.” U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
Koppikar, A. (2000). “Personal communication from Dr. Aparna Koppikar, ORD-NCEA to Pamela Brodowicz, EPA OTAQ. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
Ligocki, M.P., Whitten, G. Z., Schulhof, R. R., Causley, M. C., Smylie, G. M. (1991).
“Atmospheric transformation of air toxics: benzene, 1,3-butadiene, and formaldehyde.” Systems Applications International. San Rafael, CA. (SYSAPP-91/106).
Mostardi, R. A., Ely, D. L., Woebkenberg, N.R., Richardson, B., Jarrett, M. T., (1981).
“The University of Akron Study on Air Pollution and Human Health Effects.”
Archives of Environmental Health. 36(5):243-9.
“Motor Vehicle Air Toxics Health Information.” (1991). Prepared for: U.S. EPA Office
of Mobile Sources, Prepared by: Clement Associates, Inc.
“Motor Vehicle-Related Air Toxics Study.” (1993). Office of Mobile Sources, Office of
Air and Radiation, and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. EPA 420-R-93-005. Retrieved January 21, 2009 from http://www.epa.gov/OMS/regs/toxics/airtox1a.pdf.
“Mutagenicity and Carcinogenicity Assessment of 1,3-Butadiene.” (1985). U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency – Office of Health and Environmental Assessment. EPA/600/8-85/004F. Retrieved January 25, 2009 from http://cfpub.epa.gov/ncea/cfm/recordisplay.cfm?deid=42309.
"National Air Quality and Emissions Trends Report, 1996.” (1998). U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency. EPA Document 454/R-97-013. Retrieved January 14, 2009
from http://www.epa.gov/air/airtrends/aqtrnd96/.
Nordman, H., Keskinen, H., & Tuppurainen, M. (1985). “Formaldehyde asthma – rare
or overlooked?” Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. Vol. 75(1 Pt 1): 91-9.
Orehk, J., Massair, J.P., Gayrard, P., Grimaud, C., & Charpin, J., (1976). “Effect of
Short-Term, Low-Level Nitrogen Dioxide Exposure of Bronchial Sensitivity of
Asthmatic Patients,” The Journal of Clinical Investigations. Vol. 57(2): 301–
307. doi: 10.1172/JCI108281. Retrieved January 14, 2009 from
http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=436654.
“Preliminary Draft: Proposed identification of acetaldehyde as a toxic air contaminant.”
(1992). California Air Resources Board – Stationary Source Division. Part B Health Assessment.
“Proposed Identification of Diesel Exhaust as a Toxic Air Contaminant.” (1998).
Prepared for: California Environmental Protection Agency, Prepared by: Air Resources Board, and the Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment. Retrieved January 21, 2009 from http://www.arb.ca.gov/toxics/dieseltac/staffrpt.pdf.
“Review of National Ambient Air Quality Standards for Nitrogen Dioxide, Assessment
of Scientific and Technical Information, OAQPS Staff Paper.” (1995). U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency. EPA-452/R-95-005.
"Review of National Ambient Air Quality Standards for Ozone: Assessment of Scientific
and Technical Information, OAQPS Staff Paper." (1996). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. EPA-452/R-96-007.
Rothman, N., Li, G. L., Dosemeci, M., Bechtold, W. E., Marti, G. E., Wang, Y. Z., Linet,
M., Xi, L. Q., Lu, W., Smith, M. T., Titenko-Holland, N., Zhang, L. P., Blot, W., Yin, S. N., & Hayes, R. B. (1996). “Hematotoxicity among Chinese workers heavily exposed to benzene.” American Journal of Industrial Medicine. Vol 29(3): 225-6.
“The Benefits and Costs of the Clean Air Act, 1990-2010. (1999). Prepared for: U.S.
Congress. Prepared by: U.S. EPA, Office of Air and Radiation/Office of Policy Analysis and Review. Washington, D.C. EPA Report No. EPA-410-R-99-001. Retrieved on March 10, 2009 from http://www.epa.gov/oar/sect812/1990-2010/fullrept.pdf.
Vitousek, P. M., Aber, J., Howarth, R. W., Likens, G. E., Matson, P. A., Schindler, W.
H., Tilman, G. D. (1997). “Human Alteration of the Global Nitrogen Cycle:
Causes and Consequences.” Issues in Ecology. Spring Vol 1. Retrieved
January16, 2008 from http://esa.org/science_resources/issues/FileEnglish/issue1.pdf.
Wilhelmsson, B. & Holmström, M. (1987). “Positive formaldehyde-RAST after
prolonged formaldehyde exposure by inhalation.” Lancet. Vol. 2(8551): 164.
Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS), Office of Health and Environmental Assessment, Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office. Cincinnati, OH. Retrieved January 25, 2008 from http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0152.htm.
“Acetaldehyde (CASRN 75-07-0).” (1997). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS), Office of Health and Environmental Assessment, Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office. Cincinnati, OH. Retrieved January 23, 2009 http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0290.htm.
“Acrolein (CASRN 107-02-8).” (1993). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS), Office of Health and Environmental Assessment, Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office. Cincinnati, OH. Retrieved January 26, 2009 from http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0364.htm.
“Air Quality Criteria for Carbon Monoxide (Second External Review Draft).” (1999).
Federal Register. Vol. 64 (199). Retrieved January 14, 2009 from
http://www.epa.gov/EPA-AIR/1999/October/Day-15/a26966.htm.
“Air Quality Criteria for Oxides of Nitrogen (Final, 1993).” (1993). U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency. EPA/600/8-91/049aF-cF. Retrieved January 14, 2009 from
http://cfpub.epa.gov/ncea/cfm/recordisplay.cfm?deid=40179.
"Air Quality Criteria for Ozone and Related Photochemical Oxidants (Final).” (2006).
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. EPA/600/R-05/004aF-cF. Retrieved January 14, 2009 from http://cfpub.epa.gov/ncea/cfm/recordisplay.cfm?deid=149923&CFID=1256836&CFTOKEN=34777958&jsessionid=4a3076489bc5c5dc5e82183c1f203a1db5f1TR4a3020302830.
"Air Quality Criteria for Particulate Matter.” (1996). U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency. EPA 600/P-95/001. Retrieved January 14, 2009 from
http://cfpub.epa.gov/ncea/cfm/recordisplay.cfm?deid=2832.
“Analysis of the Impacts of Control Programs on Motor Vehicle Toxics Emissions and
Exposure in Urban Areas and Nationwide: Volume 1.” (1999). Prepared for: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Prepared by: Sierra Research Inc and Radian International Corporation/Eastern Research Group. EPA420-R-99-029. Retrieved January 21, 2009 from http://www.epa.gov/otaq/regs/toxics/r99029.pdf.
“An SAB Report: Review of the Health Risk Assessment of 1,3-Butadiene.” (1998).
Scientific Advisory Board. EPA-SAB-EHC-98.
Aksoy, M. (1991). “Hematotoxicity, leukemogenicity, and carcinogenicity of chronic
exposure to benzene. In: Arinc, E., Schenkman, J. B., Hodgson, E., Eds. “Molecular Aspects of Monooxygenases and Bioactivation of Toxic Compounds. New York: Plenum Press.
Aksoy, M. & Erdem, K. (1978). “A follow-up study on the mortality and the
development of leukemia in 44 pancytopenic patients associated with long-term exposure to benzene. Blood. Vol. 52: 285-292.
Aksoy, M., Erdem, S., & DinCol, G. (1974). “Leukemia in shoe-workers exposed
chronically to benzene.” Blood. Vol. 44(6): 837-41.
Aronow, W. S., Ferlinz, J., & Glauser, F., (1977). “Effects of Carbon Monoxide on
Exercise Performance in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.” The
American Journal of Medicine. 63(6):904-8.
“Assessment of health risks to garment workers and certain home residents from
exposure to formaldehyde.” (1987). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency - Office of Pesticides and Toxic Substances.
Burge, P.S., Harries, M. G., Lam, W. K., O’Brien, I. M., & Patchett, P.A. (1985).
“Occupational asthma due to formaldehyde.” Thorax. Vol. 40:255-260. doi: 10. 1136/thx.40.4.255.
“Carcinogenic Effects of Exposure to Diesel Exhaust, Current Intelligence Bulletin 50.”
(1988). National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Publication No.
88-116. Retrieved January 21, 2009 from http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/88116_50.html.
Delzell, E., Sathiakumar, N., Hovinga, M., Macaluso, M., Julian, J., Larson, R., Cole, P.,
& Muir, D. C. (1995). “A follow-up study of synthetic rubber workers.” Final report prepared under contract to International Institute of Synthetic Rubber Producers. Toxicology. 113(1-3):182-9.
“Deposition of Air Pollutants to the Great Waters.” (1997). U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency. EPA-453/R-97-011. Retrieved January 16, 2009 from
http://www.epa.gov/air/oaqps/gr8water/2ndrpt/.
“Diesel and Gasoline Engine Exhausts and Some Nitroarenes: IARC Monographs on the
Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans.” (1989). World Health
Organization and International Agency for Research on Cancer. Volume 46.
Retrieved January 21, 2009 from http://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Monographs/vol46/volume46.pdf.
“Diesel Exhaust: A Critical Analysis of Emissions, Exposure, and Health Effects.”
(1995). Health Effects Institute. To order, go to http://pubs.healtheffects.org/view.php?id=11.
“Diesel Fuel and Exhaust Emissions: International Program on Chemical Safety.”
(1996). United Nations Environment Programme, International Labour
Organisation, and World Health Organization. Retrieved January 21, 2009 from http://www.inchem.org/documents/ehc/ehc/ehc171.htm.
Ferris, B. G. Jr., (1978). “Health Effects of Exposure to Low Levels of Regulated Air
Pollutants, A Critical Review.” Journal of the Air Pollution Control Association.
28(5):482-97.
Goldstein, B.D. (1988). “Benzene toxicity.” Occupational Medicine. State of the Art
Reviews. Vol. 3: 541-554.
Gray, A. H., & Cass, G. R., (1998). “Source Contributions to Atmospheric Fine Carbon
Particle Concentrations.” Atmospheric Environment. Vol. 32 (22). pp. 3805-3825. doi:10.1016/S1352-2310(97)00446-9.
Hall, J. & Brajer, J. (2007) “The Health and Economic Related Benefits of Attaining
Healthful Air in the San Joaquin Valley.” Cal State Fullerton.
“Health Assessment Document for Acetaldehyde – External Review Draft.” (1987).
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency – Office of Health and Environmental Assessment. EPA 600/8-86/015A. Retrieved January 22, 2009 from http://cfpub.epa.gov/ncea/cfm/recordisplay.cfm?deid=49727.
“Health Assessment Document for Diesel Emissions.” (1994). U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency. EPA/600/8-90/057Ba (NTIS PB95192092). Retrieved
January 21, 2009 from http://cfpub.epa.gov/ncea/CFM/recordisplay.cfm?deid=33218.
“Health Asssessment of 1,3-Butadiene.” (1998). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
EPA/600/P-98/001A. Retrieved January 25, 2009 from http://cfpub.epa.gov/ncea/cfm/recordisplay.cfm?deid=54499.
Hendrick, D. J., Rando, D. J., Lane, & Morris, M. J. (1982). “Formaldehyde asthma:
Challenge exposure levels and fate after five years.” Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. Vol. 24: 893-897.
Ho, M. & Nielsen, C. (2007) “Clearing the Air, The Health and Economic Damages of
Air Pollution in China.” The MIT Press.
“Human Health Benefits from Sulfate Reductions Under Title IV of the 1990 Clean Air
Act Amendments.” (1995). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. EPA
Contract No. 68-D3-0005. Retrieved January 16, 2009 from http://yosemite.epa.gov/ee/epa/ria.nsf/377d5c0e0e55d70e85256b43007f9968/183623001d796c8c852564620063327f!OpenDocument.
“IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Humans:
Some Industrial Chemicals and Dyestuffs.” (1982). International Agency for Research on Cancer and the World Health Organization. Volume 29.
“Interim Quantitative Cancer Unit Risk Estimates Due to Inhalation of Benzene.”
(1985). Prepared for: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency – the Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Prepared by: the Office of Health and Environmental Assessment – Carcinogen Assessment Group.
Irons, R. D., Stillman, W. S., Colagiovanni, D. B., Henry, V. A. (1992). “Synergistic
action of the benzene metabolite hydroquinone on myelopoietic stimulating activity of granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor in vitro.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. Vol. 89:3691-3695. Retrieved January 21, 2009 from the PubMed database at http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=525556.
Koppikar, A. (1999). “Memo from Dr. Aparna Koppikar, ORD-NCEA to Laura
McKlevey, OAQPS and Pamela Brodowicz, OMS: Slope Factor for 1,3-Butadiene.” U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
Koppikar, A. (2000). “Personal communication from Dr. Aparna Koppikar, ORD-NCEA to Pamela Brodowicz, EPA OTAQ. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
Ligocki, M.P., Whitten, G. Z., Schulhof, R. R., Causley, M. C., Smylie, G. M. (1991).
“Atmospheric transformation of air toxics: benzene, 1,3-butadiene, and formaldehyde.” Systems Applications International. San Rafael, CA. (SYSAPP-91/106).
Mostardi, R. A., Ely, D. L., Woebkenberg, N.R., Richardson, B., Jarrett, M. T., (1981).
“The University of Akron Study on Air Pollution and Human Health Effects.”
Archives of Environmental Health. 36(5):243-9.
“Motor Vehicle Air Toxics Health Information.” (1991). Prepared for: U.S. EPA Office
of Mobile Sources, Prepared by: Clement Associates, Inc.
“Motor Vehicle-Related Air Toxics Study.” (1993). Office of Mobile Sources, Office of
Air and Radiation, and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. EPA 420-R-93-005. Retrieved January 21, 2009 from http://www.epa.gov/OMS/regs/toxics/airtox1a.pdf.
“Mutagenicity and Carcinogenicity Assessment of 1,3-Butadiene.” (1985). U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency – Office of Health and Environmental Assessment. EPA/600/8-85/004F. Retrieved January 25, 2009 from http://cfpub.epa.gov/ncea/cfm/recordisplay.cfm?deid=42309.
"National Air Quality and Emissions Trends Report, 1996.” (1998). U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency. EPA Document 454/R-97-013. Retrieved January 14, 2009
from http://www.epa.gov/air/airtrends/aqtrnd96/.
Nordman, H., Keskinen, H., & Tuppurainen, M. (1985). “Formaldehyde asthma – rare
or overlooked?” Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. Vol. 75(1 Pt 1): 91-9.
Orehk, J., Massair, J.P., Gayrard, P., Grimaud, C., & Charpin, J., (1976). “Effect of
Short-Term, Low-Level Nitrogen Dioxide Exposure of Bronchial Sensitivity of
Asthmatic Patients,” The Journal of Clinical Investigations. Vol. 57(2): 301–
307. doi: 10.1172/JCI108281. Retrieved January 14, 2009 from
http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=436654.
“Preliminary Draft: Proposed identification of acetaldehyde as a toxic air contaminant.”
(1992). California Air Resources Board – Stationary Source Division. Part B Health Assessment.
“Proposed Identification of Diesel Exhaust as a Toxic Air Contaminant.” (1998).
Prepared for: California Environmental Protection Agency, Prepared by: Air Resources Board, and the Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment. Retrieved January 21, 2009 from http://www.arb.ca.gov/toxics/dieseltac/staffrpt.pdf.
“Review of National Ambient Air Quality Standards for Nitrogen Dioxide, Assessment
of Scientific and Technical Information, OAQPS Staff Paper.” (1995). U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency. EPA-452/R-95-005.
"Review of National Ambient Air Quality Standards for Ozone: Assessment of Scientific
and Technical Information, OAQPS Staff Paper." (1996). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. EPA-452/R-96-007.
Rothman, N., Li, G. L., Dosemeci, M., Bechtold, W. E., Marti, G. E., Wang, Y. Z., Linet,
M., Xi, L. Q., Lu, W., Smith, M. T., Titenko-Holland, N., Zhang, L. P., Blot, W., Yin, S. N., & Hayes, R. B. (1996). “Hematotoxicity among Chinese workers heavily exposed to benzene.” American Journal of Industrial Medicine. Vol 29(3): 225-6.
“The Benefits and Costs of the Clean Air Act, 1990-2010. (1999). Prepared for: U.S.
Congress. Prepared by: U.S. EPA, Office of Air and Radiation/Office of Policy Analysis and Review. Washington, D.C. EPA Report No. EPA-410-R-99-001. Retrieved on March 10, 2009 from http://www.epa.gov/oar/sect812/1990-2010/fullrept.pdf.
Vitousek, P. M., Aber, J., Howarth, R. W., Likens, G. E., Matson, P. A., Schindler, W.
H., Tilman, G. D. (1997). “Human Alteration of the Global Nitrogen Cycle:
Causes and Consequences.” Issues in Ecology. Spring Vol 1. Retrieved
January16, 2008 from http://esa.org/science_resources/issues/FileEnglish/issue1.pdf.
Wilhelmsson, B. & Holmström, M. (1987). “Positive formaldehyde-RAST after
prolonged formaldehyde exposure by inhalation.” Lancet. Vol. 2(8551): 164.
